Kugwiritsa ntchito ma electromagnetic shielding muzamlengalenga

IyeEctromagnetic shielding, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), imatanthawuza kuti chipangizo chamagetsi sichimasokoneza zida zina kapena kukhudzidwa ndi zida zina. Mfundo yake makamaka yozikidwa pa kuwonetsera kutayika ndi kutaya kuyamwa. Kugwirizana kwa ma elekitiroleti, monga chitetezo chomwe timachidziwa bwino, ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuwunika kwazinthu.

1:Mitundu yama electromagnetic shielding

Electromagnetic shielding nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'mitundu itatu: electrostatic shielding, static magneto-shielding, ndi high-frequency electromagnetic field shielding.

1.1:Electrostatic shielding:Kondakitala adzafika pamlingo wa electrostatic equilibrium mu gawo la electrostatic. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamkati ya kondakita mu electrostatic equilibrium state ndi ziro paliponse. Chifukwa molingana ndi chiphunzitso cha Gauss, ngati pali gawo lamagetsi mu kondakitala, padzakhala kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndalama mpaka malo amagetsi ndi zero. Woyendetsa amapangidwa kukhala chipolopolo chachitsulo chotsekedwa, ndipo malo otetezedwa amaikidwa mu chipolopolo chachitsulo, kotero kuti gawo lakunja la electrostatic silingakhudze zinthu zomwe zili mu chipolopolocho. Mwachitsanzo, zida zamagetsi m'moyo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo zachitsulo kuti ziteteze kusokoneza kwamagetsi akunja kuti zitsimikizire kuti kayendedwe ka mkati mwa chipangizocho.

1.2:Static magneto-chitetezo:Kuteteza kwa maginito osasunthika kumayang'aniridwa makamaka ndi maginito osasunthika. Popeza maginito permeability wa zipangizo ferromagnetic ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa zipangizo zina monga mpweya, pamene kunja maginito akudutsa chivundikiro chotchinga, malinga ndi lamulo la Ohm la maginito dera, ambiri maginito mizere mphamvu kutsatira ferromagnetic zinthu ndi mkulu maginito permeability, ndipo kawirikawiri kudutsa m'dera lotetezedwa, potero kukwaniritsa mphamvu ya maginito. Pazida zina zolondola, miyeso yotchinga maginito imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza maginito akunja monga gawo la geomagnetic kuti lisasokoneze zotsatira zake.

1.3:Electromagnetic shielding:Pamalo osinthira ma electromagnetic, pomwe gawo losinthira lamagetsi lamagetsi likachitika pa chishango chachitsulo, magetsi opangidwa amapangidwa pamwamba pazitsulo molingana ndi lamulo la electromagnetic induction. Zomwe zimapangidwira izi zipanga gawo lachiwiri lamagetsi amagetsi mbali ina ya gawo loyambirira la ma elekitiroma malinga ndi Ampere loop theorem. Malinga ndi mfundo ya superposition, magawo awiri a electromagnetic amawongolera ndikuchotsana wina ndi mnzake, potero amafooketsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi kulowa mu chishango. Kuteteza kwake kumadalira makamaka zinthu monga conductivity, maginito permeability ndi makulidwe a zinthu zotchinga. Mwachitsanzo, pankhani yolumikizirana, pofuna kupewa kusokonezedwa kwa ma siginecha, chingwe cholumikizira chizikhala chotetezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma kuti zitsimikizire kufalikira kwazizindikiro kokhazikika.

 2:Mapulogalamu mu gawo lazamlengalenga

 2.1:Njira zolumikizirana:

M'magalimoto apamlengalenga, zida zoyankhulirana ndizofunikira ndipo nthawi zambiri zimafunikira chitetezo chamagetsi. Makina olankhulana ma frequency apamwamba kwambiri (VHF), ma high frequency communication systems (HF) ndi ma satellite communication systems (SATCOM), ndi zina zotero, amalandira ndi kutumiza ma siginecha ofooka a wailesi. M'malo ovuta kwambiri a maginito amagetsi monga ndege, ngati mulibe chitetezo chotchinga chamagetsi, ndikosavuta kusokonezedwa ndi maginito ndi zida zina zamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, injini, mota ndi zida zina pa ndegeyo zimatulutsa ma radiation a electromagnetic pogwira ntchito, zomwe zingasokoneze kulandira ndi kutumiza kwa zida zoyankhulirana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kulumikizana kapena kusokoneza kulumikizana.

Osati kokha zida zamagetsi zomwe zili mu ndege, komanso ndegeyo imatha kusokonezedwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi mphezi pamene ikuwuluka mumlengalenga wa dziko lapansi. Chotchinga chotchinga chamagetsi chimatha kuletsa zosokonezazi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ma siginecha omwe amalandilidwa ndikutumizidwa ndi zida zoyankhulirana amakhala omveka bwino komanso okhazikika.

Kuphatikiza apo, zida zoyankhuliranazo zimathanso kupanga ma radiation a electromagnetic, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a zida zina zamagetsi zamagetsi, kotero kuti chitetezo chamagetsi chimatha kuchita mbali ziwiri zoteteza.

Zotchingira zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zojambula zachitsulo kapena ma mesh achitsulo, omwe amawunikira ndikuyamwa kusokoneza kwa ma elekitiroma kuti ma siginecha omwe ali mkati mwa ma frequency olumikizirana athe kufalitsidwa bwino.

Kwa magalimoto apamlengalenga, akamadutsa mlengalenga wa dziko lapansi ndikuchita utumwi mumlengalenga, amakumana ndi ma radiation a cosmic electromagnetic monga ma storms. Electromagnetic shielding imatha kuteteza bwino zida zoyankhulirana, monga kulumikizana pakati pa ma probes akuzama mumlengalenga ndi malo owongolera Earth. Njira zodzitchinjiriza zimawonetsetsa kufalikira kolondola kwa ma telemetry ndi ma sigino akutali, kupewa kutayika kwa ma sign kapena zolakwika, ndikuwonetsetsa kupita patsogolo kwautumwi wamlengalenga.

2.2:Navigation system:

Njira yoyendetsera ndege imaphatikizapo njira yoyendetsera ndege (INS), wolandila padziko lonse lapansi (GPS), ndi zina zotero. Electromagnetic shielding ingalepheretse kukhudzidwa kwa radio frequency interference (RFI) pazida zoyendera.

Potengera chitsanzo cha GPS, chizindikiro cha satelayiti chomwe amalandira ndi chofooka kwambiri ndipo chimasokonezedwa mosavuta. Popanda zotchinga ndi ma elekitiroma, phokoso lamagetsi lopangidwa ndi zida zina zamagetsi zomwe zili mkati mwa ndege zitha kuyimitsa chizindikiro cha GPS, ndikupangitsa kuti kulondola kwake kuchepe kapena zosatheka kuzipeza.

Pafupi ndi bwalo la ndege, kayendedwe ka ndege kakhoza kusokonezedwa ndi maginito amagetsi otulutsidwa ndi masiteshoni olumikizirana pansi, ma radar ndi zida zina. Zipolopolo za electromagnetic shielding zitha kuchepetsa zosokoneza izi, kulola zida zoyendera kuti zilandire ma sign a satellite ndikuwerengera molondola malo, liwiro ndi momwe ndegeyo imayendera.

2.3:Dongosolo lowongolera:

Makompyuta, masensa, ma actuators ndi zida zina zamakina owongolera ndege zonse zimafunikira chitetezo chamagetsi. Tengani chitsanzo cha njira yoyendetsera ndegeyi, yomwe imatumiza mawaya. Electromagnetic shielding imatha kuletsa kufalikira kwa malamulo olakwika omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusokoneza kwa ma elekitiroma. Pakuuluka kwa ndege, ma radiation a electromagnetic opangidwa ndi zida monga injini ndi kusokoneza kwamagetsi akunja kungakhudze magwiridwe antchito anthawi zonse. Potengera luso lamagetsi loteteza ma elekitirodi, monga kukulunga chitsulo chotchingira chotchinga kuzungulira mzere wowongolera, zosokonezazi zitha kutsekedwa bwino kuti zitsimikizire kuti kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndege kakhoza kuwongolera malo osiyanasiyana owongolera ndege ndi mphamvu ya injini malinga ndi momwe woyendetsa ndege amagwirira ntchito kapena malangizo a autopilot system. M'malo oyendetsa ndege, njira yoyendetsera ndege ndizovuta kwambiri zogwirira ntchito zogwiritsidwanso ntchito. Panthawi yotsegulira ndi kulowetsanso, chitetezo chamagetsi chimatha kuwonetsetsa kuti makina owongolera ndege amayenda mokhazikika m'malo ovuta kwambiri amagetsi ndikupewa ngozi zazikulu monga kulephera kuwongolera malingaliro owuluka chifukwa cha kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma.

2.4:Dongosolo loyang'anira:

Njira yopewera kugunda kwa magalimoto (TCAS) ndi radar yanyengo (WXR) imafunikanso kutetezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma. TCAS ikuyenera kulandira ndi kukonza ma transponder a ndege zozungulira kuti idziwe kuopsa kwa kugunda. Kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroleti kungapangitse kuti isaganize molakwika malo, kutalika ndi zidziwitso zina za ndege zozungulira, kutero kuti ipereke malangizo olakwika opewera kugunda. Ma siginecha a ma microwave omwe amatumizidwa ndikulandilidwa ndi radar yanyengo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira nyengo. Kusokoneza kwa ma elekitirolekiti kungayambitse zolakwika pazithunzi za radar, monga kuphonya ma siginecha osokoneza monga nyengo ikufuna, kapena kulephera kuwonetsa malo enieni komanso mphamvu ya nyengo yomwe ikukhudzidwa, zomwe zimakhudza momwe woyendetsa amaonera nyengo.

M'munda wazamlengalenga, makina ambiri omwe ali pamwambawa amafunikira chitetezo chotchingira ma elekitiroma kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso kukonza chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa ndege. Nthawi yomweyo, chitetezo chamagetsi chamagetsi chimathandizanso kuchepetsa kusokonezana pakati pa zida, kuti makina apakompyuta a ndege azigwira ntchito molumikizana komanso mokhazikika.

Kampani yathu imapereka zabwino kwambiri zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, zomwe zitha kusinthidwa mwamakonda. Kuti mumve zambiri, chonde pitani patsambali: https://www.ec3dao.com/

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